Reference shorthand for the de Waal *Black Garden* passages establishing that Robert Kocharyan was head of the NKR State Defence Committee, and Serzh Sargsyan the operational commander of NKR forces, at the time of the February 1992 Khojaly assault. Both later became presidents of Armenia (Kocharyan 1998-2008; Sargsyan 2008-2018). This is the editorially load-bearing fact connecting Khojaly to Armenian state political history.

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