Death and Exile: The Ethnic Cleansing of Ottoman Muslims, 1821-1922 §

McCarthy quantifies Muslim displacement and death in the 19th and early 20th c., arguing for symmetrical loss between Muslim and Christian Ottoman subjects. Mainstream Anglophone genocide scholarship treats his framing of 1915 as denialist; his 19th-century Caucasus-Balkans Muslim-displacement figures are nevertheless used in the literature alongside Karpat. Cited here for the Russian-Caucasian War expulsion of Circassians and Crimean Tatars and the end-of-empire Muslim displacement that the atlas otherwise references in passing.