Demographics over time · Yerevan · share of population + headcount Open full view ↗
  • Armenian
  • Azerbaijani
  • Russian
0%25%50%75%100%1.1MEVENTSArmenianAzerbaijaniRussian13k1.1M1.1M182718731897192619391959198920241827event1885event1918events ×21920event1921uprising1965genocide1988event1997war1998event1999atrocity2008atrocity2018event2026event

Background

The NKAO vote turned Karabakh from a petition into a mass Armenian movement. Demonstrations in Yerevan needed coordination, messaging and negotiation with Soviet authorities.

Formation and transformation

The Karabakh Committee emerged from intellectual and activist circles, including Levon Ter-Petrosyan, Vazgen Manukyan and others. It organised rallies, framed demands and became the visible leadership of the Karabakh Movement. Soviet authorities arrested committee members in December 1988; their release in 1989 increased their legitimacy.

The committee transformed Armenian politics. What began as a national-territorial demand became a democratic opposition to Soviet republican rule. The contradiction is that Karabakh mobilisation helped democratise Armenia while binding the new state to a territorial conflict that would constrain its sovereignty for decades editorial.

  1. Thomas de Waal, Black Garden: Armenia and Azerbaijan Through Peace and War, 2003
  2. Gerard J. Libaridian, Modern Armenia: People, Nation, State, 2004
  3. Razmik Panossian, The Armenians: From Kings and Priests to Merchants and Commissars, 2006