Range · Documented estimates
Casualties
1 2

Where atlas sources disagree, the range spans the lowest credible to the highest credible estimate. Hover the inline citations above for source-by-source figures.

Demographics over time · Tbilisi · share of population Open full view ↗
  • Georgian
  • Armenian
  • Russian
  • Azerbaijani
0%25%50%75%100%EVENTSGeorgianArmenianRussianAzerbaijani18281873189719261959197920141885event1903event1918event1921event1922killing1936atrocity

Background

Djemal Pasha was the third member of the Young Turk triumvirate with Talaat and Enver. During the war he ruled Greater Syria, where Armenian deportees passed through camps, hunger and further killing.

Assassination and afterlife

On 21 July 1922 Petros Ter-Poghosian and Stepan Dzaghigian shot Djemal and two aides in Tiflis. The killing was part of ARF Operation Nemesis. It closed one arc of the campaign and reflected the geography of postwar exile, where former Ottoman officials and Armenian militants moved through the same Caucasian cities.

As with other Nemesis actions, the moral force came from failed law. The assassins killed men widely understood by Armenians as responsible for state mass murder, but they did so outside judicial process editorial.

  1. Raymond Kévorkian, The Armenian Genocide: A Complete History, 2011
  2. Christopher J. Walker, Armenia: The Survival of a Nation, 1980
  3. Eric Bogosian, Operation Nemesis: The Assassination Plot that Avenged the Armenian Genocide, 2015