Kars demographics
Every documented census and post-Soviet observation, on a single shared timeline. Hover any chart point or population bar for the source-by-source breakdown.
Density 1.0× span
- Armenian
- Ottoman Turkish
- Greek (Pontic / Anatolian)
- Russian
All observations · 8 rows
| Year | Group | Share | Population | Source | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1873 | Armenian | 21% | — | Ottoman Population, 1830-1914: Demographic and Social Characteristics | |
| 1873 | Ottoman Turkish | 70% | — | Ottoman Population, 1830-1914: Demographic and Social Characteristics | Before the 1878 Russian acquisition. Eastern Anatolian / Caucasian Turkish-Muslim majority. |
| 1897 | Ottoman Turkish | 18% | — | First General Census of the Russian Empire, 1897 | |
| 1897 | Greek (Pontic / Anatolian) | 10% | — | First General Census of the Russian Empire, 1897 | |
| 1897 | Armenian | 32% | 6,700 | First General Census of the Russian Empire, 1897 | Russian Imperial Kars, with a mixed Armenian, Russian, Greek, Caucasian Tatar (Azerbaijani) and Turkish population. Russian Imperial garrison and railway hub since 1878. |
| 1897 | Russian | 22% | — | First General Census of the Russian Empire, 1897 | |
| 1920 | Armenian | 50% | 30,000 | The Republic of Armenia (4 vols.) | During the brief First Republic Armenian rule of Kars 1918-20. |
| 1927 | Armenian | — | 0 | The Armenian Genocide: A Complete History | After the [[event:kars-1921|Treaty of Kars]] (October 1921) returned Kars to Turkey, the Armenian and Greek populations fled or were expelled. |