Demographics over time · Constantinople · absolute population + headcount Open full view ↗
  • Armenian
040.6k81.1k121.7k162.2k162kEVENTSArmenian162k162k60k50k18971914192320241914war1915atrocity ×31919event

Imperial capital and genocide command centre

Constantinople, renamed Istanbul in the Turkish Republic, was the Ottoman capital and the centre of Armenian intellectual, ecclesiastical and political life in the empire. It housed newspapers, schools, political parties, patriarchal institutions and parliamentary figures. It was also the command centre from which the CUP leadership directed the wartime deportation programme.

The 24 April 1915 arrests of Armenian intellectuals in Constantinople are the conventional opening marker of the Armenian Genocide. Writers, clergy, lawyers, physicians and deputies were detained, deported and in many cases killed. The arrests decapitated Armenian communal leadership before mass deportations in the provinces.

Constantinople matters because genocide did not begin only in remote villages. It began with a state capital using police, lists, prisons, telegrams and ministries against its own citizens. editorial

YearPeopleSharePopulationSource
1897Armenian18%162,200Patriarch Maghakia Ormanian (compiled)
1914Armenian, 162,200Raymond Kévorkian
1923Armenian, 60,000Raymond Kévorkian
2024Armenian, 50,000Rouben Paul Adalian
YearEventKind
1914Ottoman entry into the First World Wardeclaration
1915Constantinople deportation of Armenian intellectualsdeportation
1915Promulgation of the Tehcir Lawdeclaration
1915Temporary Law on Abandoned Properties (Liquidation Law)declaration
1919Ottoman courts-martial of CUP leadersruling