Lachin Corridor blockade

Nine-month blockade of the only road connecting Nagorno-Karabakh to Armenia, 12 December 2022 – 19 September 2023. Began as an "environmental protest" by Azerbaijani-government-organised activists; consolidated in April 2023 with the establishment of an Azerbaijani checkpoint. The [[ruling:icj-order-feb-2023|ICJ ordered three times]] that the corridor be reopened; the orders were ignored. The siege produced acute civilian shortages of food, medicine and fuel, and was the immediate prelude to the September 2023 operation.